From 10397d0847bce72e10ba0148f2357504623d1906 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: coolcoala <pashokrulit@yandex.ru>
Date: Sat, 23 Aug 2025 04:15:49 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] logs translated from Chinese into English

---
 src-tauri/src/cmd/profile.rs                  | 100 +++++++++---------
 src-tauri/src/cmd/save_profile.rs             |   4 +-
 src-tauri/src/cmd/validate.rs                 |   8 +-
 src-tauri/src/config/config.rs                |  14 +--
 src-tauri/src/config/verge.rs                 |  10 +-
 src-tauri/src/core/core.rs                    |  20 ++--
 src-tauri/src/core/service_ipc.rs             |  46 ++++----
 src-tauri/src/core/timer.rs                   |   2 +-
 src-tauri/src/module/lightweight.rs           |  26 ++---
 src-tauri/src/utils/autostart.rs              |   6 +-
 src-tauri/src/utils/network.rs                |   8 +-
 src-tauri/src/utils/resolve.rs                |  80 +++++++-------
 src-tauri/src/utils/window_manager.rs         |  62 +++++------
 .../setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx          |   4 +-
 src/hooks/use-profiles.ts                     |  37 +++++--
 src/main.tsx                                  |   4 +-
 src/providers/app-data-provider.tsx           |  78 +++++++-------
 src/services/api.ts                           |  22 ++--
 src/services/cmds.ts                          |  20 ++--
 src/services/global-log-service.ts            |  14 +--
 20 files changed, 290 insertions(+), 275 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src-tauri/src/cmd/profile.rs b/src-tauri/src/cmd/profile.rs
index 880fa978..84d637e8 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/cmd/profile.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/cmd/profile.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async fn cleanup_processing_state(sequence: u64, reason: &str) {
         info,
         Type::Cmd,
         true,
-        "{}，清理状态，序列号: {}",
+        "{}，Cleanup status, serial number: {}",
         reason,
         sequence
     );
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ pub async fn get_profiles() -> CmdResult<IProfiles> {
 
     match latest_result {
         Ok(Ok(profiles)) => {
-            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, false, "快速获取配置列表成功");
+            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, false, "Quickly fetched profiles list successfully");
             return Ok(profiles);
         }
         Ok(Err(join_err)) => {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, true, "快速获取配置任务失败: {}", join_err);
+            logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, true, "Quick profile list fetch task failed: {}", join_err);
         }
         Err(_) => {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, true, "快速获取配置超时(500ms)");
+            logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, true, "Quick profile list fetch timeout (500ms)");
         }
     }
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ pub async fn get_profiles() -> CmdResult<IProfiles> {
 
     match data_result {
         Ok(Ok(profiles)) => {
-            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, false, "获取draft配置列表成功");
+            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, false, "Fetched draft profile list successfully");
             return Ok(profiles);
         }
         Ok(Err(join_err)) => {
@@ -90,12 +90,12 @@ pub async fn get_profiles() -> CmdResult<IProfiles> {
                 error,
                 Type::Cmd,
                 true,
-                "获取draft配置任务失败: {}",
+                "Failed to obtain draft configuration task: {}",
                 join_err
             );
         }
         Err(_) => {
-            logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "获取draft配置超时(2秒)");
+            logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "Draft profile list fetch timeout (2s)");
         }
     }
 
@@ -104,16 +104,16 @@ pub async fn get_profiles() -> CmdResult<IProfiles> {
         warn,
         Type::Cmd,
         true,
-        "所有获取配置策略都失败，尝试fallback"
+        "All attempts to obtain configuration policies failed. Trying fallback"
     );
 
     match tokio::task::spawn_blocking(IProfiles::new).await {
         Ok(profiles) => {
-            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "使用fallback配置成功");
+            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "Fallback profiles created successfully");
             Ok(profiles)
         }
         Err(err) => {
-            logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "fallback配置也失败: {}", err);
+            logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "Fallback profiles creation failed: {}", err);
             // 返回空配置避免崩溃
             Ok(IProfiles {
                 current: None,
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
         info,
         Type::Cmd,
         true,
-        "开始修改配置文件，请求序列号: {}, 目标profile: {:?}",
+        "Starting to modify profiles, sequence: {}, target profile: {:?}",
         current_sequence,
         target_profile
     );
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                     info,
                     Type::Cmd,
                     true,
-                    "检测到更新的请求 (序列号: {} < {})，放弃当前请求",
+                    "Newer request detected (seq: {} < {}), abandoning current",
                     current_sequence,
                     latest_sequence
                 );
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                 info,
                 Type::Cmd,
                 true,
-                "强制获取锁以处理最新请求: {}",
+                "Force acquiring lock to process latest request: {}",
                 current_sequence
             );
             PROFILE_UPDATE_MUTEX.lock().await
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
             info,
             Type::Cmd,
             true,
-            "获取锁后发现更新的请求 (序列号: {} < {})，放弃当前请求",
+            "After acquiring lock, found newer request (seq: {} < {}), abandoning current",
             current_sequence,
             latest_sequence
         );
@@ -317,12 +317,12 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
 
     // 保存当前配置，以便在验证失败时恢复
     let current_profile = Config::profiles().latest().current.clone();
-    logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "当前配置: {:?}", current_profile);
+    logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "Current profile: {:?}", current_profile);
 
     // 如果要切换配置，先检查目标配置文件是否有语法错误
     if let Some(new_profile) = profiles.current.as_ref() {
         if current_profile.as_ref() != Some(new_profile) {
-            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "正在切换到新配置: {}", new_profile);
+            logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "Switching to new profile: {}", new_profile);
 
             // 获取目标配置文件路径
             let config_file_result = {
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                         }
                     }
                     Err(e) => {
-                        logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "获取目标配置信息失败: {}", e);
+                        logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "Failed to get target profile info: {}", e);
                         None
                     }
                 }
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                         error,
                         Type::Cmd,
                         true,
-                        "目标配置文件不存在: {}",
+                        "Target profile does not exist: {}",
                         file_path.display()
                     );
                     handle::Handle::notice_message(
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
 
                         match yaml_parse_result {
                             Ok(Ok(_)) => {
-                                logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "目标配置文件语法正确");
+                                logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "Target profile file syntax is correct");
                             }
                             Ok(Err(err)) => {
                                 let error_msg = format!(" {err}");
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                                     error,
                                     Type::Cmd,
                                     true,
-                                    "目标配置文件存在YAML语法错误:{}",
+                                    "YAML syntax error in target profile file: {}",
                                     error_msg
                                 );
                                 handle::Handle::notice_message(
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                                 return Ok(false);
                             }
                             Err(join_err) => {
-                                let error_msg = format!("YAML解析任务失败: {join_err}");
+                                let error_msg = format!("YAML parse task failed: {join_err}");
                                 logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "{}", error_msg);
                                 handle::Handle::notice_message(
                                     "config_validate::yaml_parse_error",
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                         }
                     }
                     Ok(Err(err)) => {
-                        let error_msg = format!("无法读取目标配置文件: {err}");
+                        let error_msg = format!("Failed to read target profile file: {err}");
                         logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "{}", error_msg);
                         handle::Handle::notice_message(
                             "config_validate::file_read_error",
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                         return Ok(false);
                     }
                     Err(_) => {
-                        let error_msg = "读取配置文件超时(5秒)".to_string();
+                        let error_msg = "Reading config file timed out (5s)".to_string();
                         logging!(error, Type::Cmd, true, "{}", error_msg);
                         handle::Handle::notice_message(
                             "config_validate::file_read_timeout",
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
             info,
             Type::Cmd,
             true,
-            "在核心操作前发现更新的请求 (序列号: {} < {})，放弃当前请求",
+            "Found newer request before core operation (seq: {} < {}), abandoning current",
             current_sequence,
             latest_sequence
         );
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
             info,
             Type::Cmd,
             true,
-            "设置当前处理profile: {}, 序列号: {}",
+            "Set current processing profile: {}, serial number: {}",
             profile,
             current_sequence
         );
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
         info,
         Type::Cmd,
         true,
-        "正在更新配置草稿，序列号: {}",
+        "Updating draft profiles, sequence: {}",
         current_sequence
     );
 
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
             info,
             Type::Cmd,
             true,
-            "在内核交互前发现更新的请求 (序列号: {} < {})，放弃当前请求",
+            "Detect updated requests before kernel interaction (sequence number: {} < {}) and abandon the current request.",
             current_sequence,
             latest_sequence
         );
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
         info,
         Type::Cmd,
         true,
-        "开始内核配置更新，序列号: {}",
+        "Starting kernel config update, sequence: {}",
         current_sequence
     );
     let update_result = tokio::time::timeout(
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                     info,
                     Type::Cmd,
                     true,
-                    "内核操作后发现更新的请求 (序列号: {} < {})，忽略当前结果",
+                    "After kernel operation, an updated request was found (sequence number: {} < {}), ignore the current result.",
                     current_sequence,
                     latest_sequence
                 );
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                 info,
                 Type::Cmd,
                 true,
-                "配置更新成功，序列号: {}",
+                "Configuration update successful, serial number: {}",
                 current_sequence
             );
             Config::profiles().apply();
@@ -527,22 +527,22 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
             // 强制刷新代理缓存，确保profile切换后立即获取最新节点数据
             crate::process::AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async move {
                 if let Err(e) = super::proxy::force_refresh_proxies().await {
-                    log::warn!(target: "app", "强制刷新代理缓存失败: {e}");
+                    log::warn!(target: "app", "Force refresh proxy cache failed: {e}");
                 }
             });
 
             crate::process::AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async move {
                 if let Err(e) = Tray::global().update_tooltip() {
-                    log::warn!(target: "app", "异步更新托盘提示失败: {e}");
+                    log::warn!(target: "app", "Async tray tooltip update failed: {e}");
                 }
 
                 if let Err(e) = Tray::global().update_menu() {
-                    log::warn!(target: "app", "异步更新托盘菜单失败: {e}");
+                    log::warn!(target: "app", "Async tray menu update failed: {e}");
                 }
 
                 // 保存配置文件
                 if let Err(e) = Config::profiles().data().save_file() {
-                    log::warn!(target: "app", "异步保存配置文件失败: {e}");
+                    log::warn!(target: "app", "Async save profiles file failed: {e}");
                 }
             });
 
@@ -552,19 +552,19 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                     info,
                     Type::Cmd,
                     true,
-                    "向前端发送配置变更事件: {}, 序列号: {}",
+                    "Sending profile change event to frontend: {}, sequence: {}",
                     current,
                     current_sequence
                 );
                 handle::Handle::notify_profile_changed(current.clone());
             }
 
-            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "配置切换完成").await;
+            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "Profile switch completed").await;
 
             Ok(true)
         }
         Ok(Ok((false, error_msg))) => {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, true, "配置验证失败: {}", error_msg);
+            logging!(warn, Type::Cmd, true, "Profile validation failed: {}", error_msg);
             Config::profiles().discard();
             // 如果验证失败，恢复到之前的配置
             if let Some(prev_profile) = current_profile {
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                     info,
                     Type::Cmd,
                     true,
-                    "尝试恢复到之前的配置: {}",
+                    "Attempting to restore previous profile: {}",
                     prev_profile
                 );
                 let restore_profiles = IProfiles {
@@ -585,17 +585,17 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
 
                 crate::process::AsyncHandler::spawn(|| async move {
                     if let Err(e) = Config::profiles().data().save_file() {
-                        log::warn!(target: "app", "异步保存恢复配置文件失败: {e}");
+                        log::warn!(target: "app", "Failed to save and restore configuration file asynchronously: {e}");
                     }
                 });
 
-                logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "成功恢复到之前的配置");
+                logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "Successfully restored previous profile");
             }
 
             // 发送验证错误通知
             handle::Handle::notice_message("config_validate::error", &error_msg);
 
-            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "配置验证失败").await;
+            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "Profile validation failed").await;
 
             Ok(false)
         }
@@ -604,25 +604,25 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                 warn,
                 Type::Cmd,
                 true,
-                "更新过程发生错误: {}, 序列号: {}",
+                "Error occurred during update: {}, sequence: {}",
                 e,
                 current_sequence
             );
             Config::profiles().discard();
             handle::Handle::notice_message("config_validate::boot_error", e.to_string());
 
-            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "更新过程错误").await;
+            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "Update process error").await;
 
             Ok(false)
         }
         Err(_) => {
             // 超时处理
-            let timeout_msg = "配置更新超时(30秒)，可能是配置验证或核心通信阻塞";
+            let timeout_msg = "Profile update timed out (30s), possibly due to validation or kernel communication";
             logging!(
                 error,
                 Type::Cmd,
                 true,
-                "{}, 序列号: {}",
+                "{}, sequence: {}",
                 timeout_msg,
                 current_sequence
             );
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
                     info,
                     Type::Cmd,
                     true,
-                    "超时后尝试恢复到之前的配置: {}, 序列号: {}",
+                    "After timeout, attempting to restore previous profile: {}, sequence: {}",
                     prev_profile,
                     current_sequence
                 );
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config(profiles: IProfiles) -> CmdResult<bool> {
 
             handle::Handle::notice_message("config_validate::timeout", timeout_msg);
 
-            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "配置更新超时").await;
+            cleanup_processing_state(current_sequence, "Profile update timeout").await;
 
             Ok(false)
         }
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ pub async fn patch_profiles_config_by_profile_index(
     _app_handle: tauri::AppHandle,
     profile_index: String,
 ) -> CmdResult<bool> {
-    logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "切换配置到: {}", profile_index);
+    logging!(info, Type::Cmd, true, "Switching profile to: {}", profile_index);
 
     let profiles = IProfiles {
         current: Some(profile_index),
@@ -689,9 +689,9 @@ pub fn patch_profile(index: String, profile: PrfItem) -> CmdResult {
     if update_interval_changed {
         let index_clone = index.clone();
         crate::process::AsyncHandler::spawn(move || async move {
-            logging!(info, Type::Timer, "定时器更新间隔已变更，正在刷新定时器...");
+            logging!(info, Type::Timer, "Timer update interval changed; refreshing timers...");
             if let Err(e) = crate::core::Timer::global().refresh() {
-                logging!(error, Type::Timer, "刷新定时器失败: {}", e);
+                logging!(error, Type::Timer, "Failed to refresh timers: {}", e);
             } else {
                 // 刷新成功后发送自定义事件，不触发配置重载
                 crate::core::handle::Handle::notify_timer_updated(index_clone);
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/cmd/save_profile.rs b/src-tauri/src/cmd/save_profile.rs
index 5e85f18f..b7613f83 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/cmd/save_profile.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/cmd/save_profile.rs
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub async fn save_profile_file(index: String, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdR
                 wrap_err!(fs::write(&file_path, original_content))?;
                 // 发送合并文件专用错误通知
                 let result = (false, error_msg.clone());
-                crate::cmd::validate::handle_yaml_validation_notice(&result, "合并配置文件");
+                crate::cmd::validate::handle_yaml_validation_notice(&result, "Merge config file");
                 return Ok(());
             }
             Err(e) => {
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ pub async fn save_profile_file(index: String, file_data: Option<String>) -> CmdR
                 // 普通YAML错误使用YAML通知处理
                 log::info!(target: "app", "[cmd config save] YAML config file validation failed, sending notification");
                 let result = (false, error_msg.clone());
-                crate::cmd::validate::handle_yaml_validation_notice(&result, "YAML配置文件");
+                crate::cmd::validate::handle_yaml_validation_notice(&result, "YAML config file");
             } else if is_script_error {
                 // 脚本错误使用专门的通知处理
                 log::info!(target: "app", "[cmd config save] Script file validation failed, sending notification");
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/cmd/validate.rs b/src-tauri/src/cmd/validate.rs
index 7275ac07..ab0d9144 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/cmd/validate.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/cmd/validate.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub fn handle_script_validation_notice(result: &(bool, String), file_type: &str)
             warn,
             Type::Config,
             true,
-            "{} 验证失败: {}",
+            "{} validation failed: {}",
             file_type,
             error_msg
         );
@@ -43,14 +43,14 @@ pub fn handle_script_validation_notice(result: &(bool, String), file_type: &str)
 /// 验证指定脚本文件
 #[tauri::command]
 pub async fn validate_script_file(file_path: String) -> CmdResult<bool> {
-    logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "验证脚本文件: {}", file_path);
+    logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "Validating script file: {}", file_path);
 
     match CoreManager::global()
         .validate_config_file(&file_path, None)
         .await
     {
         Ok(result) => {
-            handle_script_validation_notice(&result, "脚本文件");
+            handle_script_validation_notice(&result, "Script file");
             Ok(result.0) // 返回验证结果布尔值
         }
         Err(e) => {
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ pub fn handle_yaml_validation_notice(result: &(bool, String), file_type: &str) {
             info,
             Type::Config,
             true,
-            "[通知] 发送通知: status={}, msg={}",
+            "[Notice] Sending notice: status={}, msg={}",
             status,
             error_msg
         );
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/config/config.rs b/src-tauri/src/config/config.rs
index a4da0ac3..fa0b964a 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/config/config.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/config/config.rs
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ impl Config {
         }
         // 生成运行时配置
         if let Err(err) = Self::generate().await {
-            logging!(error, Type::Config, true, "生成运行时配置失败: {}", err);
+            logging!(error, Type::Config, true, "Failed to generate runtime config: {}", err);
         } else {
-            logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "生成运行时配置成功");
+            logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "Runtime config generated successfully");
         }
 
         // 生成运行时配置文件并验证
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ impl Config {
 
         let validation_result = if config_result.is_ok() {
             // 验证配置文件
-            logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "开始验证配置");
+            logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "Starting config validation");
 
             match CoreManager::global().validate_config().await {
                 Ok((is_valid, error_msg)) => {
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ impl Config {
                             warn,
                             Type::Config,
                             true,
-                            "[首次启动] 配置验证失败，使用默认最小配置启动: {}",
+                            "[First launch] Config validation failed, starting with minimal default config: {}",
                             error_msg
                         );
                         CoreManager::global()
@@ -96,12 +96,12 @@ impl Config {
                             .await?;
                         Some(("config_validate::boot_error", error_msg))
                     } else {
-                        logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "配置验证成功");
+                        logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "Config validation succeeded");
                         Some(("config_validate::success", String::new()))
                     }
                 }
                 Err(err) => {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Config, true, "验证进程执行失败: {}", err);
+                    logging!(warn, Type::Config, true, "Validation process execution failed: {}", err);
                     CoreManager::global()
                         .use_default_config("config_validate::process_terminated", "")
                         .await?;
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ impl Config {
                 }
             }
         } else {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Config, true, "生成配置文件失败，使用默认配置");
+            logging!(warn, Type::Config, true, "Failed to generate config file; using default config");
             CoreManager::global()
                 .use_default_config("config_validate::error", "")
                 .await?;
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/config/verge.rs b/src-tauri/src/config/verge.rs
index 7b53878c..20b52c2d 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/config/verge.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/config/verge.rs
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ impl IVerge {
                     warn,
                     Type::Config,
                     true,
-                    "启动时发现无效的clash_core配置: '{}', 将自动修正为 'koala-mihomo'",
+                    "Invalid clash_core config detected at startup: '{}', auto-fixing to 'koala-mihomo'",
                     core
                 );
                 config.clash_core = Some("koala-mihomo".to_string());
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ impl IVerge {
                 info,
                 Type::Config,
                 true,
-                "启动时发现未配置clash_core, 将设置为默认值 'koala-mihomo'"
+                "clash_core not configured at startup; setting default to 'koala-mihomo'"
             );
             config.clash_core = Some("koala-mihomo".to_string());
             needs_fix = true;
@@ -276,13 +276,13 @@ impl IVerge {
 
         // 修正后保存配置
         if needs_fix {
-            logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "正在保存修正后的配置文件...");
+            logging!(info, Type::Config, true, "Saving fixed configuration file...");
             help::save_yaml(&config_path, &config, Some("# Koala Clash Config"))?;
             logging!(
                 info,
                 Type::Config,
                 true,
-                "配置文件修正完成，需要重新加载配置"
+                "Configuration file fixed; reloading config required"
             );
 
             Self::reload_config_after_fix(config)?;
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ impl IVerge {
                 info,
                 Type::Config,
                 true,
-                "clash_core配置验证通过: {:?}",
+                "clash_core config validation passed: {:?}",
                 config.clash_core
             );
         }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/core/core.rs b/src-tauri/src/core/core.rs
index 68ef4488..d349ed91 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/core/core.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/core/core.rs
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                 info,
                 Type::Core,
                 true,
-                "清理完成，共终止了 {} 个多余的 mihomo 进程",
+                "Cleanup complete, a total of {} redundant mihomo processes terminated",
                 killed_count
             );
         }
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
             info,
             Type::Core,
             true,
-            "尝试终止进程: {} (PID: {})",
+            "Attempt to terminate process: {} (PID: {})",
             process_name,
             pid
         );
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                     warn,
                     Type::Core,
                     true,
-                    "进程 {} (PID: {}) 终止命令成功但进程仍在运行",
+                    "Process {} (PID: {}) Termination command successful, but process still running",
                     process_name,
                     pid
                 );
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                     info,
                     Type::Core,
                     true,
-                    "成功终止进程: {} (PID: {})",
+                    "Successfully terminated process: {} (PID: {})",
                     process_name,
                     pid
                 );
@@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                 warn,
                 Type::Core,
                 true,
-                "无法终止进程: {} (PID: {})",
+                "Unable to terminate process: {} (PID: {})",
                 process_name,
                 pid
             );
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                     warn,
                     Type::Core,
                     true,
-                    "服务重装失败 during attempt_service_init: {}",
+                    "Service reinstallation failed during attempt_service_init: {}",
                     e
                 );
                 return Err(e);
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                         error,
                         Type::Core,
                         true,
-                        "保存ServiceState失败 (in attempt_service_init/start_core_by_service): {}",
+                        "Failed to save ServiceState (in attempt_service_init/start_core_by_service): {}",
                         save_err
                     );
                 }
@@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                 warn,
                 Type::Core,
                 true,
-                "应用初始化时清理多余 mihomo 进程失败: {}",
+                "Failed to clean up unnecessary mihomo processes during application initialization: {}",
                 e
             );
         }
@@ -1158,7 +1158,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                         info,
                         Type::Core,
                         true,
-                        "有服务安装记录但服务不可用/未启动，强制切换到Sidecar模式"
+                        "There is a service installation record, but the service is unavailable/not started. Force switch to Sidecar mode"
                     );
                     let mut final_state = service::ServiceState::get();
                     if !final_state.prefer_sidecar {
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ impl CoreManager {
                             warn,
                             Type::Core,
                             true,
-                            "prefer_sidecar 为 false，因服务启动失败或不可用而强制设置为 true"
+                            "prefer_sidecar is false, but is forced to true due to service startup failure or unavailability"
                         );
                         final_state.prefer_sidecar = true;
                         final_state.last_error =
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/core/service_ipc.rs b/src-tauri/src/core/service_ipc.rs
index 39b85865..ba1d605b 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/core/service_ipc.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/core/service_ipc.rs
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ fn sign_message(message: &str) -> Result<String> {
     type HmacSha256 = Hmac<Sha256>;
 
     let secret_key = derive_secret_key();
-    let mut mac = HmacSha256::new_from_slice(&secret_key).context("HMAC初始化失败")?;
+    let mut mac = HmacSha256::new_from_slice(&secret_key).context("Failed to initialize HMAC")?;
 
     mac.update(message.as_bytes());
     let result = mac.finalize();
@@ -187,10 +187,10 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 error,
                 Type::Service,
                 true,
-                "连接到服务命名管道失败: {}",
+                "Failed to connect to service named pipe: {}",
                 error
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("无法连接到服务命名管道: {}", error));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Unable to connect to service named pipe: {}", error));
         }
 
         let mut pipe = unsafe { File::from_raw_handle(handle as RawHandle) };
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 "Failed to write request length: {}",
                 e
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("写入请求长度失败: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to write request length: {}", e));
         }
 
         if let Err(e) = pipe.write_all(request_bytes) {
@@ -223,12 +223,12 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 "Failed to write request body: {}",
                 e
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("写入请求内容失败: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to write request body: {}", e));
         }
 
         if let Err(e) = pipe.flush() {
             logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Failed to flush pipe: {}", e);
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("刷新管道失败: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to flush pipe: {}", e));
         }
 
         let mut response_len_bytes = [0u8; 4];
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 "Failed to read response length: {}",
                 e
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("读取响应长度失败: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to read response length: {}", e));
         }
 
         let response_len = u32::from_be_bytes(response_len_bytes) as usize;
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 "Failed to read response body: {}",
                 e
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("读取响应内容失败: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to read response body: {}", e));
         }
 
         let response: IpcResponse = match serde_json::from_slice::<IpcResponse>(&response_bytes) {
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                     "Failed to parse service response: {}",
                     e
                 );
-                return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("解析响应失败: {}", e));
+                return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to parse response: {}", e));
             }
         };
 
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                         true,
                         "Service response signature verification failed"
                     );
-                    bail!("服务响应签名验证失败");
+                    bail!("Service response signature verification failed");
                 }
             }
             Err(e) => {
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
     let request = match create_signed_request(command, payload) {
         Ok(req) => req,
         Err(e) => {
-            logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "创建签名请求失败: {}", e);
+            logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Failed to create signed request: {}", e);
             return Err(e);
         }
     };
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 "Failed to connect to Unix socket: {}",
                 e
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("无法连接到服务Unix套接字: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Unable to connect to service Unix socket: {}", e));
         }
     };
 
@@ -358,27 +358,27 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
     let len_bytes = (request_bytes.len() as u32).to_be_bytes();
 
     if let Err(e) = std::io::Write::write_all(&mut stream, &len_bytes) {
-        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "写入请求长度失败: {}", e);
-        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("写入请求长度失败: {}", e));
+        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Failed to write request length: {}", e);
+        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to write request length: {}", e));
     }
 
     if let Err(e) = std::io::Write::write_all(&mut stream, request_bytes) {
-        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "写入请求内容失败: {}", e);
-        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("写入请求内容失败: {}", e));
+        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Failed to write request body: {}", e);
+        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to write request body: {}", e));
     }
 
     let mut response_len_bytes = [0u8; 4];
     if let Err(e) = std::io::Read::read_exact(&mut stream, &mut response_len_bytes) {
-        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "读取响应长度失败: {}", e);
-        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("读取响应长度失败: {}", e));
+        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Failed to read response length: {}", e);
+        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to read response length: {}", e));
     }
 
     let response_len = u32::from_be_bytes(response_len_bytes) as usize;
 
     let mut response_bytes = vec![0u8; response_len];
     if let Err(e) = std::io::Read::read_exact(&mut stream, &mut response_bytes) {
-        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "读取响应内容失败: {}", e);
-        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("读取响应内容失败: {}", e));
+        logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Failed to read response body: {}", e);
+        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to read response body: {}", e));
     }
 
     let response: IpcResponse = match serde_json::from_slice::<IpcResponse>(&response_bytes) {
@@ -391,15 +391,15 @@ pub async fn send_ipc_request(
                 "Failed to parse service response: {}",
                 e,
             );
-            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("解析响应失败: {}", e));
+            return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to parse response: {}", e));
         }
     };
 
     match verify_response_signature(&response) {
         Ok(valid) => {
             if !valid {
-                logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "服务响应签名验证失败");
-                bail!("服务响应签名验证失败");
+                logging!(error, Type::Service, true, "Service response signature verification failed");
+                bail!("Service response signature verification failed");
             }
         }
         Err(e) => {
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/core/timer.rs b/src-tauri/src/core/timer.rs
index a301305b..07646474 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/core/timer.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/core/timer.rs
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ impl Timer {
             *self.timer_count.lock() = next_id;
         }
 
-        logging!(debug, Type::Timer, "定时任务变更数量: {}", diff_map.len());
+        logging!(debug, Type::Timer, "Number of scheduled task changes: {}", diff_map.len());
         logging!(
             debug,
             Type::Timer,
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/module/lightweight.rs b/src-tauri/src/module/lightweight.rs
index 76b6e002..2180f876 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/module/lightweight.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/module/lightweight.rs
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ pub fn run_once_auto_lightweight() {
                 info,
                 Type::Lightweight,
                 true,
-                "在静默启动的情况下，创建窗口再添加自动进入轻量模式窗口监听器"
+                "Silent start detected: create window, then attach auto lightweight-mode listener"
             );
             set_lightweight_mode(false);
             enable_auto_light_weight_mode();
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ pub fn auto_lightweight_mode_init() {
                 info,
                 Type::Lightweight,
                 true,
-                "非静默启动直接挂载自动进入轻量模式监听器！"
+                "Non-silent start: directly attach auto lightweight-mode listener"
             );
             set_lightweight_mode(true);
             enable_auto_light_weight_mode();
@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@ pub fn set_lightweight_mode(value: bool) {
 
 pub fn enable_auto_light_weight_mode() {
     Timer::global().init().unwrap();
-    logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "开启自动轻量模式");
+    logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "Enable auto lightweight mode");
     setup_window_close_listener();
     setup_webview_focus_listener();
 }
 
 pub fn disable_auto_light_weight_mode() {
-    logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "关闭自动轻量模式");
+    logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "Disable auto lightweight mode");
     let _ = cancel_light_weight_timer();
     cancel_window_close_listener();
 }
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ pub fn entry_lightweight_mode() {
         info,
         Type::Lightweight,
         true,
-        "轻量模式隐藏窗口结果: {:?}",
+        "Lightweight mode window hide result: {:?}",
         result
     );
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ pub fn exit_lightweight_mode() {
             info,
             Type::Lightweight,
             true,
-            "轻量模式退出操作已在进行中，跳过重复调用"
+            "Lightweight mode exit already in progress; skipping duplicate call"
         );
         return;
     }
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ pub fn exit_lightweight_mode() {
 
     // 确保当前确实处于轻量模式才执行退出操作
     if !is_in_lightweight_mode() {
-        logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "当前不在轻量模式，无需退出");
+        logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "Not in lightweight mode; skip exit");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ fn setup_window_close_listener() -> u32 {
                 info,
                 Type::Lightweight,
                 true,
-                "监听到关闭请求，开始轻量模式计时"
+                "Close requested; starting lightweight-mode timer"
             );
         });
         return handler;
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ fn setup_webview_focus_listener() -> u32 {
             logging!(
                 info,
                 Type::Lightweight,
-                "监听到窗口获得焦点，取消轻量模式计时"
+                "Window focused; cancel lightweight-mode timer"
             );
         });
         return handler;
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ fn setup_webview_focus_listener() -> u32 {
 fn cancel_window_close_listener() {
     if let Some(window) = handle::Handle::global().get_window() {
         window.unlisten(setup_window_close_listener());
-        logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "取消了窗口关闭监听");
+        logging!(info, Type::Lightweight, true, "Removed window close listener");
     }
 }
 
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ fn setup_light_weight_timer() -> Result<()> {
         .set_maximum_parallel_runnable_num(1)
         .set_frequency_once_by_minutes(once_by_minutes)
         .spawn_async_routine(move || async move {
-            logging!(info, Type::Timer, true, "计时器到期，开始进入轻量模式");
+            logging!(info, Type::Timer, true, "Timer expired; entering lightweight mode");
             entry_lightweight_mode();
         })
         .context("failed to create timer task")?;
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ fn setup_light_weight_timer() -> Result<()> {
         info,
         Type::Timer,
         true,
-        "计时器已设置，{} 分钟后将自动进入轻量模式",
+        "Timer set; will auto-enter lightweight mode after {} minute(s)",
         once_by_minutes
     );
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ fn cancel_light_weight_timer() -> Result<()> {
         delay_timer
             .remove_task(task.task_id)
             .context("failed to remove timer task")?;
-        logging!(info, Type::Timer, true, "计时器已取消");
+        logging!(info, Type::Timer, true, "Timer canceled");
     }
 
     Ok(())
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/utils/autostart.rs b/src-tauri/src/utils/autostart.rs
index add94d3d..a6d3493f 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/utils/autostart.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/utils/autostart.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use std::{fs, os::windows::process::CommandExt, path::Path, path::PathBuf};
 /// Windows 下的开机启动文件夹路径
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 pub fn get_startup_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
-    let appdata = std::env::var("APPDATA").map_err(|_| anyhow!("无法获取 APPDATA 环境变量"))?;
+    let appdata = std::env::var("APPDATA").map_err(|_| anyhow!("Unable to obtain APPDATA environment variable"))?;
 
     let startup_dir = Path::new(&appdata)
         .join("Microsoft")
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ pub fn get_startup_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
         .join("Startup");
 
     if !startup_dir.exists() {
-        return Err(anyhow!("Startup 目录不存在: {:?}", startup_dir));
+        return Err(anyhow!("Startup directory does not exist: {:?}", startup_dir));
     }
 
     Ok(startup_dir)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pub fn get_startup_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
 #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 pub fn get_exe_path() -> Result<PathBuf> {
     let exe_path =
-        std::env::current_exe().map_err(|e| anyhow!("无法获取当前可执行文件路径: {}", e))?;
+        std::env::current_exe().map_err(|e| anyhow!("Unable to obtain the path of the current executable file: {}", e))?;
 
     Ok(exe_path)
 }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/utils/network.rs b/src-tauri/src/utils/network.rs
index 0ec63cdb..3e9ee488 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/utils/network.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/utils/network.rs
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ impl NetworkManager {
     pub fn init(&self) {
         self.init.call_once(|| {
             self.runtime.spawn(async {
-                logging!(info, Type::Network, true, "初始化网络管理器");
+                logging!(info, Type::Network, true, "Initializing network manager");
 
                 // 创建无代理客户端
                 let no_proxy_client = ClientBuilder::new()
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ impl NetworkManager {
                 let mut no_proxy_guard = NETWORK_MANAGER.no_proxy_client.lock().unwrap();
                 *no_proxy_guard = Some(no_proxy_client);
 
-                logging!(info, Type::Network, true, "网络管理器初始化完成");
+                logging!(info, Type::Network, true, "Network manager initialization completed");
             });
         });
     }
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ impl NetworkManager {
     }
 
     pub fn reset_clients(&self) {
-        logging!(info, Type::Network, true, "正在重置所有HTTP客户端");
+        logging!(info, Type::Network, true, "Resetting all HTTP clients");
         {
             let mut client = self.self_proxy_client.lock().unwrap();
             *client = None;
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ impl NetworkManager {
         let watchdog = tokio::spawn(async move {
             tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(timeout_duration)).await;
             let _ = cancel_tx.send(());
-            logging!(warn, Type::Network, true, "请求超时取消: {}", url_clone);
+            logging!(warn, Type::Network, true, "Request canceled due to timeout: {}", url_clone);
         });
 
         let result = tokio::select! {
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/utils/resolve.rs b/src-tauri/src/utils/resolve.rs
index 70e8eff5..56c59cc9 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/utils/resolve.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/utils/resolve.rs
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ pub fn update_ui_ready_stage(stage: UiReadyStage) {
 pub fn mark_ui_ready() {
     let mut ready = get_ui_ready().write();
     *ready = true;
-    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "UI已标记为完全就绪");
+    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "UI marked as fully ready");
 
     // If any deep links were queued while UI was not ready, handle them now
     // No queued deep links list anymore; early and runtime deep links are deduped
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ pub fn reset_ui_ready() {
         let mut stage = state.stage.write();
         *stage = UiReadyStage::NotStarted;
     }
-    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "UI就绪状态已重置");
+    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "UI readiness state has been reset");
 }
 
 /// Schedule robust deep-link handling to avoid races with lightweight mode and window creation
@@ -244,12 +244,12 @@ pub async fn find_unused_port() -> Result<u16> {
 /// 异步方式处理启动后的额外任务
 pub async fn resolve_setup_async(app_handle: &AppHandle) {
     let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();
-    logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "开始执行异步设置任务...");
+    logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "Starting asynchronous setup tasks...");
 
     if VERSION.get().is_none() {
         let version = app_handle.package_info().version.to_string();
         VERSION.get_or_init(|| {
-            logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "初始化版本信息: {}", version);
+            logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "Initializing version information: {}", version);
             version.clone()
         });
     }
@@ -268,40 +268,40 @@ pub async fn resolve_setup_async(app_handle: &AppHandle) {
         );
     }
 
-    logging!(trace, Type::Config, true, "初始化配置...");
+    logging!(trace, Type::Config, true, "Initializing configuration...");
     logging_error!(Type::Config, true, Config::init_config().await);
 
     // 启动时清理冗余的 Profile 文件
-    logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "清理冗余的Profile文件...");
+    logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "Cleaning redundant profile files...");
     let profiles = Config::profiles();
     if let Err(e) = profiles.latest().auto_cleanup() {
-        logging!(warn, Type::Setup, true, "启动时清理Profile文件失败: {}", e);
+        logging!(warn, Type::Setup, true, "Failed to clean profile files at startup: {}", e);
     } else {
-        logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "启动时Profile文件清理完成");
+        logging!(info, Type::Setup, true, "Startup profile files cleanup completed");
     }
 
-    logging!(trace, Type::Core, true, "启动核心管理器...");
+    logging!(trace, Type::Core, true, "Starting core manager...");
     logging_error!(Type::Core, true, CoreManager::global().init().await);
 
-    log::trace!(target: "app", "启动内嵌服务器...");
+    log::trace!(target: "app", "Starting embedded server...");
     server::embed_server();
 
     logging_error!(Type::Tray, true, tray::Tray::global().init());
 
     if let Some(app_handle) = handle::Handle::global().app_handle() {
-        logging!(info, Type::Tray, true, "创建系统托盘...");
+        logging!(info, Type::Tray, true, "Creating system tray...");
         let result = tray::Tray::global().create_tray_from_handle(&app_handle);
         if result.is_ok() {
-            logging!(info, Type::Tray, true, "系统托盘创建成功");
+            logging!(info, Type::Tray, true, "System tray created successfully");
         } else if let Err(e) = result {
-            logging!(error, Type::Tray, true, "系统托盘创建失败: {}", e);
+            logging!(error, Type::Tray, true, "Failed to create system tray: {}", e);
         }
     } else {
         logging!(
             error,
             Type::Tray,
             true,
-            "无法创建系统托盘: app_handle不存在"
+            "Unable to create system tray: app_handle missing"
         );
     }
 
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ pub async fn resolve_setup_async(app_handle: &AppHandle) {
 
     logging_error!(Type::Tray, true, tray::Tray::global().update_part());
 
-    logging!(trace, Type::System, true, "初始化热键...");
+    logging!(trace, Type::System, true, "Initializing hotkeys...");
     logging_error!(Type::System, true, hotkey::Hotkey::global().init());
 
     let elapsed = start_time.elapsed();
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ pub async fn resolve_setup_async(app_handle: &AppHandle) {
         info,
         Type::Setup,
         true,
-        "异步设置任务完成，耗时: {:?}",
+        "Asynchronous task completed, time taken: {:?}",
         elapsed
     );
 
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ pub async fn resolve_setup_async(app_handle: &AppHandle) {
             warn,
             Type::Setup,
             true,
-            "异步设置任务耗时较长({:?})",
+            "Asynchronous task setup takes a long time ({:?})",
             elapsed
         );
     }
@@ -387,12 +387,12 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
         info,
         Type::Window,
         true,
-        "开始创建/显示主窗口, is_show={}",
+        "Creating/showing main window, is_show={}",
         is_show
     );
 
     if !is_show {
-        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "静默模式启动时不创建窗口");
+        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Silent start: do not create window");
         lightweight::set_lightweight_mode(true);
         handle::Handle::notify_startup_completed();
         return false;
@@ -400,10 +400,10 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
 
     if let Some(app_handle) = handle::Handle::global().app_handle() {
         if let Some(window) = app_handle.get_webview_window("main") {
-            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "主窗口已存在，将尝试显示现有窗口");
+            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Main window already exists; will try to show it");
             if is_show {
                 if window.is_minimized().unwrap_or(false) {
-                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口已最小化，正在取消最小化");
+                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window is minimized; unminimizing");
                     let _ = window.unminimize();
                 }
                 let show_result = window.show();
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                         warn,
                         Type::Window,
                         true,
-                        "现有窗口显示失败，尝试销毁并重新创建"
+                        "Failed to show existing window; will destroy and recreate"
                     );
                     let _ = window.destroy();
                 } else {
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
             info,
             Type::Window,
             true,
-            "窗口创建请求被忽略，因为最近创建过 ({:?}ms)",
+            "Window creation request ignored because recently created ({:?}ms)",
             elapsed.as_millis()
         );
         return false;
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
     // ScopeGuard 确保创建状态重置，防止 webview 卡死
     let _guard = scopeguard::guard(creating, |mut creating_guard| {
         *creating_guard = (false, Instant::now());
-        logging!(debug, Type::Window, true, "[ScopeGuard] 窗口创建状态已重置");
+        logging!(debug, Type::Window, true, "[ScopeGuard] Window creation state reset");
     });
 
     match tauri::WebviewWindowBuilder::new(
@@ -470,16 +470,16 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
     .visible(true) // 立即显示窗口，避免用户等待
     .initialization_script(
         r#"
-        console.log('[Tauri] 窗口初始化脚本开始执行');
+        console.log('[Tauri] Window init script started');
 
         function createLoadingOverlay() {
 
             if (document.getElementById('initial-loading-overlay')) {
-                console.log('[Tauri] 加载指示器已存在');
+                console.log('[Tauri] Loading indicator already exists');
                 return;
             }
 
-            console.log('[Tauri] 创建加载指示器');
+            console.log('[Tauri] Creating loading indicator');
             const loadingDiv = document.createElement('div');
             loadingDiv.id = 'initial-loading-overlay';
             loadingDiv.innerHTML = `
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                             animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
                         "></div>
                     </div>
-                    <div style="font-size: 14px; opacity: 0.7;">Loading Clash Verge...</div>
+                    <div style="font-size: 14px; opacity: 0.7;">Loading Koala Clash...</div>
                 </div>
                 <style>
                     @keyframes spin {
@@ -530,13 +530,13 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
             createLoadingOverlay();
         }
 
-        console.log('[Tauri] 窗口初始化脚本执行完成');
+        console.log('[Tauri] Window init script finished');
     "#,
     )
     .build()
     {
         Ok(newly_created_window) => {
-            logging!(debug, Type::Window, true, "主窗口实例创建成功");
+            logging!(debug, Type::Window, true, "Main window instance created successfully");
 
             update_ui_ready_stage(UiReadyStage::NotStarted);
 
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                     debug,
                     Type::Window,
                     true,
-                    "异步窗口任务开始 (启动已标记完成)"
+                    "Async window task started (startup marked completed)"
                 );
 
                 // 先运行轻量模式检测
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                     debug,
                     Type::Window,
                     true,
-                    "发送 verge://startup-completed 事件"
+                    "Sending verge://startup-completed event"
                 );
                 handle::Handle::notify_startup_completed();
 
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                     // 立即显示窗口
                     let _ = window_clone.show();
                     let _ = window_clone.set_focus();
-                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口已立即显示");
+                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window shown immediately");
                     #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
                     {
                         AppHandleManager::global().set_activation_policy_regular();
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                         info,
                         Type::Window,
                         true,
-                        "开始监控UI加载状态 (最多{}秒)...",
+                        "Start monitoring UI load status (up to {} seconds)...",
                         timeout_seconds
                     );
 
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                                             debug,
                                             Type::Window,
                                             true,
-                                            "UI加载状态检查... ({}秒)",
+                                            "UI loading status check... ({}s)",
                                             check_count / 10
                                         );
                                     }
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
 
                         match wait_result {
                             Ok(_) => {
-                                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "UI已完全加载就绪");
+                                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "UI fully loaded and ready");
                                 // 移除初始加载指示器
                                 if let Some(window) = handle::Handle::global().get_window() {
                                     let _ = window.eval(r#"
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                                     warn,
                                     Type::Window,
                                     true,
-                                    "UI加载监控超时({}秒)，但窗口已正常显示",
+                                    "UI load monitoring timed out ({}s), but window is already visible",
                                     timeout_seconds
                                 );
                                 *get_ui_ready().write() = true;
@@ -637,20 +637,20 @@ pub fn create_window(is_show: bool) -> bool {
                         }
                     });
 
-                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口显示流程完成");
+                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window display flow completed");
                 } else {
                     logging!(
                         debug,
                         Type::Window,
                         true,
-                        "is_show为false，窗口保持隐藏状态"
+                        "is_show is false; keeping window hidden"
                     );
                 }
             });
             true
         }
         Err(e) => {
-            logging!(error, Type::Window, true, "主窗口构建失败: {}", e);
+            logging!(error, Type::Window, true, "Failed to build main window: {}", e);
             false
         }
     }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/utils/window_manager.rs b/src-tauri/src/utils/window_manager.rs
index 0f538a38..22d183a2 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/utils/window_manager.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/utils/window_manager.rs
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ impl WindowManager {
             finish_window_operation();
         });
 
-        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "开始智能显示主窗口");
+        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Starting smart show for main window");
         logging!(
             debug,
             Type::Window,
@@ -140,18 +140,18 @@ impl WindowManager {
 
         match current_state {
             WindowState::NotExist => {
-                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口不存在，创建新窗口");
+                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Main window not found; creating new window");
                 if Self::create_new_window() {
-                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口创建成功");
+                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window created successfully");
                     std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100));
                     WindowOperationResult::Created
                 } else {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "窗口创建失败");
+                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Window creation failed");
                     WindowOperationResult::Failed
                 }
             }
             WindowState::VisibleFocused => {
-                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口已经可见且有焦点，无需操作");
+                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window already visible and focused; no action needed");
                 WindowOperationResult::NoAction
             }
             WindowState::VisibleUnfocused | WindowState::Minimized | WindowState::Hidden => {
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ impl WindowManager {
             finish_window_operation();
         });
 
-        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "开始切换主窗口显示状态");
+        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Toggling main window visibility");
 
         let current_state = Self::get_main_window_state();
         logging!(
             info,
             Type::Window,
             true,
-            "当前窗口状态: {:?} | 详细状态: {}",
+            "Current window state: {:?} | Details: {}",
             current_state,
             Self::get_window_status_info()
         );
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ impl WindowManager {
         match current_state {
             WindowState::NotExist => {
                 // 窗口不存在，创建新窗口
-                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口不存在，将创建新窗口");
+                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Main window not found; will create new window");
                 // 由于已经有防抖保护，直接调用内部方法
                 if Self::create_new_window() {
                     WindowOperationResult::Created
@@ -212,26 +212,26 @@ impl WindowManager {
                     info,
                     Type::Window,
                     true,
-                    "窗口可见（焦点状态: {}），将隐藏窗口",
+                    "Window visible (focused: {}), hiding window",
                     if current_state == WindowState::VisibleFocused {
-                        "有焦点"
+                        "focused"
                     } else {
-                        "无焦点"
+                        "unfocused"
                     }
                 );
                 if let Some(window) = Self::get_main_window() {
                     match window.hide() {
                         Ok(_) => {
-                            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口已成功隐藏");
+                            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window hidden successfully");
                             WindowOperationResult::Hidden
                         }
                         Err(e) => {
-                            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "隐藏窗口失败: {}", e);
+                            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Failed to hide window: {}", e);
                             WindowOperationResult::Failed
                         }
                     }
                 } else {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "无法获取窗口实例");
+                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Unable to get window instance");
                     WindowOperationResult::Failed
                 }
             }
@@ -240,12 +240,12 @@ impl WindowManager {
                     info,
                     Type::Window,
                     true,
-                    "窗口存在但被隐藏或最小化，将激活窗口"
+                    "Window exists but is hidden or minimized; activating"
                 );
                 if let Some(window) = Self::get_main_window() {
                     Self::activate_window(&window)
                 } else {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "无法获取窗口实例");
+                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Unable to get window instance");
                     WindowOperationResult::Failed
                 }
             }
@@ -254,35 +254,35 @@ impl WindowManager {
 
     /// 激活窗口（取消最小化、显示、设置焦点）
     fn activate_window(window: &WebviewWindow<Wry>) -> WindowOperationResult {
-        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "开始激活窗口");
+        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Starting to activate window");
 
         let mut operations_successful = true;
 
         // 1. 如果窗口最小化，先取消最小化
         if window.is_minimized().unwrap_or(false) {
-            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口已最小化，正在取消最小化");
+            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window minimized; unminimizing");
             if let Err(e) = window.unminimize() {
-                logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "取消最小化失败: {}", e);
+                logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Failed to unminimize window: {}", e);
                 operations_successful = false;
             }
         }
 
         // 2. 显示窗口
         if let Err(e) = window.show() {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "显示窗口失败: {}", e);
+            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Failed to show window: {}", e);
             operations_successful = false;
         }
 
         // 3. 设置焦点
         if let Err(e) = window.set_focus() {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "设置窗口焦点失败: {}", e);
+            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Failed to set window focus: {}", e);
             operations_successful = false;
         }
 
         // 4. 平台特定的激活策略
         #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
         {
-            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "应用 macOS 特定的激活策略");
+            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Applying macOS-specific activation policy");
             AppHandleManager::global().set_activation_policy_regular();
         }
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ impl WindowManager {
                     debug,
                     Type::Window,
                     true,
-                    "设置置顶失败（非关键错误）: {}",
+                    "Failed to set always-on-top (non-critical): {}",
                     e
                 );
             }
@@ -304,38 +304,38 @@ impl WindowManager {
                     debug,
                     Type::Window,
                     true,
-                    "取消置顶失败（非关键错误）: {}",
+                    "Failed to unset always-on-top (non-critical): {}",
                     e
                 );
             }
         }
 
         if operations_successful {
-            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口激活成功");
+            logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window activation successful");
             WindowOperationResult::Shown
         } else {
-            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "窗口激活部分失败");
+            logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Window activation partially failed");
             WindowOperationResult::Failed
         }
     }
 
     /// 隐藏主窗口
     pub fn hide_main_window() -> WindowOperationResult {
-        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "开始隐藏主窗口");
+        logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Starting to hide main window");
 
         match Self::get_main_window() {
             Some(window) => match window.hide() {
                 Ok(_) => {
-                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口已隐藏");
+                    logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window hidden");
                     WindowOperationResult::Hidden
                 }
                 Err(e) => {
-                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "隐藏窗口失败: {}", e);
+                    logging!(warn, Type::Window, true, "Failed to hide window: {}", e);
                     WindowOperationResult::Failed
                 }
             },
             None => {
-                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "窗口不存在，无需隐藏");
+                logging!(info, Type::Window, true, "Window does not exist; nothing to hide");
                 WindowOperationResult::NoAction
             }
         }
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ impl WindowManager {
         let is_minimized = Self::is_main_window_minimized();
 
         format!(
-            "窗口状态: {state:?} | 可见: {is_visible} | 有焦点: {is_focused} | 最小化: {is_minimized}"
+            "WindowState: {state:?} | visible: {is_visible} | focused: {is_focused} | minimized: {is_minimized}"
         )
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx
index c163e6ad..29d6a4d1 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx
@@ -429,11 +429,11 @@ export const SysproxyViewer = forwardRef<DialogRef>((props, ref) => {
               }
             }
           } catch (err) {
-            console.warn("代理状态更新失败:", err);
+            console.warn("Proxy status update failed:", err);
           }
         }, 50);
       } catch (err: any) {
-        console.error("配置保存失败:", err);
+        console.error("Configuration save failed:", err);
         mutateVerge();
         showNotice("error", err.toString());
         // setOpen(true);
diff --git a/src/hooks/use-profiles.ts b/src/hooks/use-profiles.ts
index 836ddb44..d15e8ea7 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-profiles.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-profiles.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const useProfiles = () => {
   // 根据selected的节点选择
   const activateSelected = async () => {
     try {
-      console.log("[ActivateSelected] 开始处理代理选择");
+      console.log("[ActivateSelected] Start processing proxy selection");
 
       const [proxiesData, profileData] = await Promise.all([
         getProxies(),
@@ -64,7 +64,9 @@ export const useProfiles = () => {
       ]);
 
       if (!profileData || !proxiesData) {
-        console.log("[ActivateSelected] 代理或配置数据不可用，跳过处理");
+        console.log(
+          "[ActivateSelected] Proxy or configuration data unavailable, skipping processing",
+        );
         return;
       }
 
@@ -73,19 +75,23 @@ export const useProfiles = () => {
       );
 
       if (!current) {
-        console.log("[ActivateSelected] 未找到当前profile配置");
+        console.log(
+          "[ActivateSelected] Current profile configuration not found",
+        );
         return;
       }
 
       // 检查是否有saved的代理选择
       const { selected = [] } = current;
       if (selected.length === 0) {
-        console.log("[ActivateSelected] 当前profile无保存的代理选择，跳过");
+        console.log(
+          "[ActivateSelected] The current profile has no saved proxy selection, so it will be skipped",
+        );
         return;
       }
 
       console.log(
-        `[ActivateSelected] 当前profile有 ${selected.length} 个代理选择配置`,
+        `[ActivateSelected] The current profile has ${selected.length} proxy selection configurations`,
       );
 
       const selectedMap = Object.fromEntries(
@@ -108,7 +114,7 @@ export const useProfiles = () => {
         const targetProxy = selectedMap[name];
         if (targetProxy != null && targetProxy !== now) {
           console.log(
-            `[ActivateSelected] 需要切换代理组 ${name}: ${now} -> ${targetProxy}`,
+            `[ActivateSelected] Need to switch proxy groups ${name}: ${now} -> ${targetProxy}`,
           );
           hasChange = true;
           updateProxy(name, targetProxy);
@@ -118,27 +124,36 @@ export const useProfiles = () => {
       });
 
       if (!hasChange) {
-        console.log("[ActivateSelected] 所有代理选择已经是目标状态，无需更新");
+        console.log(
+          "[ActivateSelected] All agent selections are already in the target state and do not need to be updated",
+        );
         return;
       }
 
-      console.log(`[ActivateSelected] 完成代理切换，保存新的选择配置`);
+      console.log(
+        `[ActivateSelected] Complete the proxy switch and save the new selection configuration`,
+      );
 
       try {
         await patchProfile(profileData.current!, { selected: newSelected });
-        console.log("[ActivateSelected] 代理选择配置保存成功");
+        console.log(
+          "[ActivateSelected] Proxy selection configuration saved successfully",
+        );
 
         setTimeout(() => {
           mutate("getProxies", getProxies());
         }, 100);
       } catch (error: any) {
         console.error(
-          "[ActivateSelected] 保存代理选择配置失败:",
+          "[ActivateSelected] Failed to save proxy selection configuration:",
           error.message,
         );
       }
     } catch (error: any) {
-      console.error("[ActivateSelected] 处理代理选择失败:", error.message);
+      console.error(
+        "[ActivateSelected] Handling proxy selection failure:",
+        error.message,
+      );
     }
   };
 
diff --git a/src/main.tsx b/src/main.tsx
index 508da981..84b41ea4 100644
--- a/src/main.tsx
+++ b/src/main.tsx
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ root.render(
 
 // 错误处理
 window.addEventListener("error", (event) => {
-  console.error("[main.tsx] 全局错误:", event.error);
+  console.error("[main.tsx] Global error:", event.error);
 });
 
 window.addEventListener("unhandledrejection", (event) => {
-  console.error("[main.tsx] 未处理的Promise拒绝:", event.reason);
+  console.error("[main.tsx] Unhandled promise rejection:", event.reason);
 });
diff --git a/src/providers/app-data-provider.tsx b/src/providers/app-data-provider.tsx
index 9e7ab3af..37d60b71 100644
--- a/src/providers/app-data-provider.tsx
+++ b/src/providers/app-data-provider.tsx
@@ -88,13 +88,13 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
           const newProfileId = event.payload;
           const now = Date.now();
 
-          console.log(`[AppDataProvider] Profile切换事件: ${newProfileId}`);
+          console.log(`[AppDataProvider] Profile switched: ${newProfileId}`);
 
           if (
             lastProfileId === newProfileId &&
             now - lastUpdateTime < refreshThrottle
           ) {
-            console.log("[AppDataProvider] 重复事件被防抖，跳过");
+            console.log("[AppDataProvider] Duplicate event debounced, skip");
             return;
           }
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
 
           setTimeout(async () => {
             try {
-              console.log("[AppDataProvider] 强制刷新代理缓存");
+              console.log("[AppDataProvider] Force refresh proxy cache");
 
               const refreshPromise = Promise.race([
                 forceRefreshProxies(),
@@ -117,15 +117,15 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
 
               await refreshPromise;
 
-              console.log("[AppDataProvider] 刷新前端代理数据");
+              console.log("[AppDataProvider] Refresh frontend proxy data");
               await refreshProxy();
 
-              console.log("[AppDataProvider] Profile切换的代理数据刷新完成");
+              console.log("[AppDataProvider] Proxy data refreshed for profile switch");
             } catch (error) {
-              console.error("[AppDataProvider] 强制刷新代理缓存失败:", error);
+              console.error("[AppDataProvider] Force refresh proxy cache failed:", error);
 
               refreshProxy().catch((e) =>
-                console.warn("[AppDataProvider] 普通刷新也失败:", e),
+                console.warn("[AppDataProvider] Normal refresh also failed:", e),
               );
             }
           }, 0);
@@ -134,14 +134,14 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
         // 监听Clash配置刷新事件(enhance操作等)
         const handleRefreshClash = () => {
           const now = Date.now();
-          console.log("[AppDataProvider] Clash配置刷新事件");
+          console.log("[AppDataProvider] Clash config refresh event");
 
           if (now - lastUpdateTime > refreshThrottle) {
             lastUpdateTime = now;
 
             setTimeout(async () => {
               try {
-                console.log("[AppDataProvider] Clash刷新 - 强制刷新代理缓存");
+                console.log("[AppDataProvider] Clash refresh - force refresh proxy cache");
 
                 // 添加超时保护
                 const refreshPromise = Promise.race([
@@ -158,11 +158,11 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
                 await refreshProxy();
               } catch (error) {
                 console.error(
-                  "[AppDataProvider] Clash刷新时强制刷新代理缓存失败:",
+                  "[AppDataProvider] Clash refresh forcing proxy cache refresh failed:",
                   error,
                 );
                 refreshProxy().catch((e) =>
-                  console.warn("[AppDataProvider] Clash刷新普通刷新也失败:", e),
+                  console.warn("[AppDataProvider] Clash refresh normal refresh also failed:", e),
                 );
               }
             }, 0);
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
           );
         };
       } catch (error) {
-        console.error("[AppDataProvider] 事件监听器设置失败:", error);
+        console.error("[AppDataProvider] Failed to set up event listeners:", error);
         return () => {};
       }
     };
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       if (!server) return () => {};
 
       console.log(
-        `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] 正在连接: ${server}/connections`,
+        `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] Connecting: ${server}/connections`,
       );
       const socket = createAuthSockette(`${server}/connections`, secret, {
         timeout: 5000,
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
             );
           } catch (err) {
             console.error(
-              `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] 解析数据错误:`,
+              `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] Failed to parse data:`,
               err,
               event.data,
             );
@@ -330,26 +330,26 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
         },
         onopen: (event) => {
           console.log(
-            `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接已建立`,
+            `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket connected`,
             event,
           );
         },
         onerror(event) {
           console.error(
-            `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接错误或达到最大重试次数`,
+            `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket error or max retries reached`,
             event,
           );
           next(null, { connections: [], uploadTotal: 0, downloadTotal: 0 });
         },
         onclose: (event) => {
           console.log(
-            `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接关闭`,
+            `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket closed`,
             event.code,
             event.reason,
           );
           if (event.code !== 1000 && event.code !== 1001) {
             console.warn(
-              `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] 连接非正常关闭，重置数据`,
+              `[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] Abnormal close, resetting data`,
             );
             next(null, { connections: [], uploadTotal: 0, downloadTotal: 0 });
           }
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       });
 
       return () => {
-        console.log(`[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] 清理WebSocket连接`);
+        console.log(`[Connections][${AppDataProvider.name}] Cleaning up WebSocket connection`);
         socket.close();
       };
     },
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       if (!server) return () => {};
 
       console.log(
-        `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] 正在连接: ${server}/traffic`,
+        `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] Connecting: ${server}/traffic`,
       );
       const socket = createAuthSockette(`${server}/traffic`, secret, {
         onmessage(event) {
@@ -387,13 +387,13 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
               next(null, data);
             } else {
               console.warn(
-                `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] 收到无效数据:`,
+                `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] Received invalid data:`,
                 data,
               );
             }
           } catch (err) {
             console.error(
-              `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] 解析数据错误:`,
+              `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] Failed to parse data:`,
               err,
               event.data,
             );
@@ -401,26 +401,26 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
         },
         onopen: (event) => {
           console.log(
-            `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接已建立`,
+            `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket connected`,
             event,
           );
         },
         onerror(event) {
           console.error(
-            `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接错误或达到最大重试次数`,
+            `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket error or max retries reached`,
             event,
           );
           next(null, { up: 0, down: 0 });
         },
         onclose: (event) => {
           console.log(
-            `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接关闭`,
+            `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket closed`,
             event.code,
             event.reason,
           );
           if (event.code !== 1000 && event.code !== 1001) {
             console.warn(
-              `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] 连接非正常关闭，重置数据`,
+              `[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] Abnormal close, resetting data`,
             );
             next(null, { up: 0, down: 0 });
           }
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       });
 
       return () => {
-        console.log(`[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] 清理WebSocket连接`);
+        console.log(`[Traffic][${AppDataProvider.name}] Cleaning up WebSocket connection`);
         socket.close();
       };
     },
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       if (!server) return () => {};
 
       console.log(
-        `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] 正在连接: ${server}/memory`,
+        `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] Connecting: ${server}/memory`,
       );
       const socket = createAuthSockette(`${server}/memory`, secret, {
         onmessage(event) {
@@ -453,13 +453,13 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
               next(null, data);
             } else {
               console.warn(
-                `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] 收到无效数据:`,
+                `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] Received invalid data:`,
                 data,
               );
             }
           } catch (err) {
             console.error(
-              `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] 解析数据错误:`,
+              `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] Failed to parse data:`,
               err,
               event.data,
             );
@@ -467,26 +467,26 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
         },
         onopen: (event) => {
           console.log(
-            `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接已建立`,
+            `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket connected`,
             event,
           );
         },
         onerror(event) {
           console.error(
-            `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接错误或达到最大重试次数`,
+            `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket error or max retries reached`,
             event,
           );
           next(null, { inuse: 0 });
         },
         onclose: (event) => {
           console.log(
-            `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket 连接关闭`,
+            `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] WebSocket closed`,
             event.code,
             event.reason,
           );
           if (event.code !== 1000 && event.code !== 1001) {
             console.warn(
-              `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] 连接非正常关闭，重置数据`,
+              `[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] Abnormal close, resetting data`,
             );
             next(null, { inuse: 0 });
           }
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       });
 
       return () => {
-        console.log(`[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] 清理WebSocket连接`);
+        console.log(`[Memory][${AppDataProvider.name}] Cleaning up WebSocket connection`);
         socket.close();
       };
     },
@@ -521,13 +521,13 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
       const isPacMode = verge.proxy_auto_config ?? false;
 
       if (isPacMode) {
-        // PAC模式：显示我们期望设置的代理地址
+        // PAC mode: show expected proxy address
         const proxyHost = verge.proxy_host || "127.0.0.1";
         const proxyPort =
           verge.verge_mixed_port || clashConfig["mixed-port"] || 7897;
         return `${proxyHost}:${proxyPort}`;
       } else {
-        // HTTP代理模式：优先使用系统地址，但如果格式不正确则使用期望地址
+        // HTTP proxy mode: prefer system address, else fallback to expected address
         const systemServer = sysproxy?.server;
         if (
           systemServer &&
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ export const AppDataProvider = ({
         ) {
           return systemServer;
         } else {
-          // 系统地址无效，返回期望的代理地址
+          // Invalid system address; return expected proxy address
           const proxyHost = verge.proxy_host || "127.0.0.1";
           const proxyPort =
             verge.verge_mixed_port || clashConfig["mixed-port"] || 7897;
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ export const useAppData = () => {
   const context = useContext(AppDataContext);
 
   if (!context) {
-    throw new Error("useAppData必须在AppDataProvider内使用");
+    throw new Error("useAppData must be used within AppDataProvider");
   }
 
   return context;
diff --git a/src/services/api.ts b/src/services/api.ts
index f108ebb3..ce04291a 100644
--- a/src/services/api.ts
+++ b/src/services/api.ts
@@ -279,13 +279,13 @@ export const getGroupProxyDelays = async (
   };
 
   console.log(
-    `[API] 获取代理组延迟，组: ${groupName}, URL: ${params.url}, 超时: ${params.timeout}ms`,
+    `[API] Get proxy group delay, group: ${groupName}, URL: ${params.url}, timeout: ${params.timeout}ms`,
   );
 
   try {
     const instance = await getAxios();
     console.log(
-      `[API] 发送HTTP请求: GET /group/${encodeURIComponent(groupName)}/delay`,
+      `[API] Send HTTP request: GET /group/${encodeURIComponent(groupName)}/delay`,
     );
 
     const result = await instance.get(
@@ -294,12 +294,12 @@ export const getGroupProxyDelays = async (
     );
 
     console.log(
-      `[API] 获取代理组延迟成功，组: ${groupName}, 结果数量:`,
+      `[API] Get proxy group delay success, group: ${groupName}, result count:`,
       Object.keys(result || {}).length,
     );
     return result as any as Record<string, number>;
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(`[API] 获取代理组延迟失败，组: ${groupName}`, error);
+    console.error(`[API] Get proxy group delay failed, group: ${groupName}`, error);
     throw error;
   }
 };
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ export const getIpInfo = async (): Promise<IpInfo> => {
   // 配置参数
   const maxRetries = 3;
   const serviceTimeout = 5000;
-  const overallTimeout = 20000; // 增加总超时时间以容纳延迟
+  const overallTimeout = 20000; // increase total timeout to accommodate delays
 
   const overallTimeoutController = new AbortController();
   const overallTimeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ export const getIpInfo = async (): Promise<IpInfo> => {
     let lastError: Error | null = null;
 
     for (const service of shuffledServices) {
-      console.log(`尝试IP检测服务: ${service.url}`);
+      console.log(`Trying IP detection service: ${service.url}`);
 
       for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxRetries; attempt++) {
         let timeoutId: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
@@ -508,17 +508,17 @@ export const getIpInfo = async (): Promise<IpInfo> => {
           if (timeoutId) clearTimeout(timeoutId);
 
           if (response.data && response.data.ip) {
-            console.log(`IP检测成功，使用服务: ${service.url}`);
+            console.log(`IP detection succeeded, using service: ${service.url}`);
             return service.mapping(response.data);
           } else {
-            throw new Error(`无效的响应格式 from ${service.url}`);
+            throw new Error(`Invalid response format from ${service.url}`);
           }
         } catch (error: any) {
           if (timeoutId) clearTimeout(timeoutId);
 
           lastError = error;
           console.log(
-            `尝试 ${attempt + 1}/${maxRetries} 失败 (${service.url}):`,
+            `Attempt ${attempt + 1}/${maxRetries} failed (${service.url}):`,
             error.message,
           );
 
@@ -534,9 +534,9 @@ export const getIpInfo = async (): Promise<IpInfo> => {
     }
 
     if (lastError) {
-      throw new Error(`所有IP检测服务都失败: ${lastError.message}`);
+      throw new Error(`All IP detection services failed: ${lastError.message}`);
     } else {
-      throw new Error("没有可用的IP检测服务");
+      throw new Error("No available IP detection services");
     }
   } finally {
     clearTimeout(overallTimeoutId);
diff --git a/src/services/cmds.ts b/src/services/cmds.ts
index 788557f4..3d171513 100644
--- a/src/services/cmds.ts
+++ b/src/services/cmds.ts
@@ -112,15 +112,15 @@ export async function getSystemProxy() {
 
 export async function getAutotemProxy() {
   try {
-    console.log("[API] 开始调用 get_auto_proxy");
+    console.log("[API] Start calling get_auto_proxy");
     const result = await invoke<{
       enable: boolean;
       url: string;
     }>("get_auto_proxy");
-    console.log("[API] get_auto_proxy 调用成功:", result);
+    console.log("[API] get_auto_proxy success:", result);
     return result;
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error("[API] get_auto_proxy 调用失败:", error);
+    console.error("[API] get_auto_proxy failed:", error);
     return {
       enable: false,
       url: "",
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export async function getAutoLaunchStatus() {
   try {
     return await invoke<boolean>("get_auto_launch_status");
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error("获取自启动状态失败:", error);
+    console.error("Failed to get auto-launch state:", error);
     return false;
   }
 }
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ export async function cmdGetProxyDelay(
   // 确保URL不为空
   const testUrl = url || "https://cp.cloudflare.com/generate_204";
   console.log(
-    `[API] 调用延迟测试API，代理: ${name}, 超时: ${timeout}ms, URL: ${testUrl}`,
+    `[API] Calling delay test API, proxy: ${name}, timeout: ${timeout}ms, URL: ${testUrl}`,
   );
 
   try {
@@ -212,19 +212,19 @@ export async function cmdGetProxyDelay(
     // 验证返回结果中是否有delay字段，并且值是一个有效的数字
     if (result && typeof result.delay === "number") {
       console.log(
-        `[API] 延迟测试API调用成功，代理: ${name}, 延迟: ${result.delay}ms`,
+        `[API] Delay test API success, proxy: ${name}, delay: ${result.delay}ms`,
       );
       return result;
     } else {
       console.error(
-        `[API] 延迟测试API返回无效结果，代理: ${name}, 结果:`,
+        `[API] Delay test API returned invalid result, proxy: ${name}, result:`,
         result,
       );
       // 返回一个有效的结果对象，但标记为超时
       return { delay: 1e6 };
     }
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error(`[API] 延迟测试API调用失败，代理: ${name}`, error);
+    console.error(`[API] Delay test API failed, proxy: ${name}`, error);
     // 返回一个有效的结果对象，但标记为错误
     return { delay: 1e6 };
   }
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ export async function cmdGetProxyDelay(
 
 /// 用于profile切换等场景
 export async function forceRefreshProxies() {
-  console.log("[API] 强制刷新代理缓存");
+  console.log("[API] Force refresh proxy cache");
   return invoke<any>("force_refresh_proxies");
 }
 
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ export const isAdmin = async () => {
   try {
     return await invoke<boolean>("is_admin");
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error("检查管理员权限失败:", error);
+    console.error("Failed to check admin privileges:", error);
     return false;
   }
 };
diff --git a/src/services/global-log-service.ts b/src/services/global-log-service.ts
index 8e948325..569f7417 100644
--- a/src/services/global-log-service.ts
+++ b/src/services/global-log-service.ts
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ export const initGlobalLogService = (
 
   // 创建新的WebSocket连接，使用新的认证方法
   const wsUrl = buildWSUrl(server, logLevel);
-  console.log(`[GlobalLog] 正在连接日志服务: ${wsUrl}`);
+  console.log(`[GlobalLog] Connecting to log service: ${wsUrl}`);
 
   if (!server) {
-    console.warn("[GlobalLog] 服务器地址为空，无法建立连接");
+    console.warn("[GlobalLog] Server URL is empty, cannot establish connection");
     return;
   }
 
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ export const initGlobalLogService = (
         const time = dayjs().format("MM-DD HH:mm:ss");
         appendLog({ ...data, time });
       } catch (error) {
-        console.error("[GlobalLog] 解析日志数据失败:", error);
+        console.error("[GlobalLog] Failed to parse log data:", error);
       }
     },
     onerror(event) {
-      console.error("[GlobalLog] WebSocket连接错误", event);
+      console.error("[GlobalLog] WebSocket connection error", event);
 
       // 记录错误状态但不关闭连接，让重连机制起作用
       useGlobalLogStore.setState({ isConnected: false });
@@ -114,16 +114,16 @@ export const initGlobalLogService = (
         "type" in event &&
         event.type === "error"
       ) {
-        console.error("[GlobalLog] 连接已彻底失败，关闭连接");
+        console.error("[GlobalLog] Connection exhausted retries, closing");
         closeGlobalLogConnection();
       }
     },
     onclose(event) {
-      console.log("[GlobalLog] WebSocket连接关闭", event);
+      console.log("[GlobalLog] WebSocket connection closed", event);
       useGlobalLogStore.setState({ isConnected: false });
     },
     onopen(event) {
-      console.log("[GlobalLog] WebSocket连接已建立", event);
+      console.log("[GlobalLog] WebSocket connection established", event);
       useGlobalLogStore.setState({ isConnected: true });
     },
   });